Bridget Stutchbury spoke first about how pesticides in South American countries affect the birds that migrate between North and South America. I have to admit that I didn't find her lecture all that interesting. It seemed like she wasn't used to speaking in public and was a little nervous. Focusing on such a small aspect of the overall environmental problem seems a little short-sighted to me. Helping South American farmers produce healthy and profitable crops without the use of costly pesticides is a solution that will save the birds as well as help poorer people prosper. Ms. Stutchbury didn't touch on that aspect other than saying that people should drink shade-grown coffee. It's a good idea, but it seems a little shallow to me.
The after effects of dinner and this first part of the lecture got me a little drowsy. By the time Mr. Flannery actually got up to speak I was ready for nap. I did get a little shut eye at the beginning of his lecture but kept listening to what he was saying. I woke up from my little power nap when he got to the pithy part of his lecture. He touched on a few interesting ideas:
Electric Cars
He noted an interesting project in Denmark regarding electric cars. It's something to keep an eye on to see if it really works or not. The cars being used seem to be production cars retrofitted with batteries and an electric motor. He mentioned the idea of a removable battery pack to work around the long charging time of the batteries and tax holidays for electric vehicles (no tax for a certain amount of time).
Carbon Sequestration via Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis is basically the process for making charcoal where organic matter is heated with the absence of oxygen. The particular application that Mr. Flannery talked about was regarding biochar. You can read more about it here and here. This is how I understand the process:
- Plants (agricultural crops) absorb carbon dioxide as they grow.
- The carbon is used up in the plants cells.
- Waste plant matter is then collected and put through pyrolysis.
- The resultant charcoal is then buried in the agricultural soil to help retain moisture and nutrients.
- The net result is that carbon is taken out of the atmosphere and put into the ground.
A Canadian company, Dynamotive, is involved in this process; although the focus seems to be the production of biofuels where the biochar is a waste product. I should also point out that hydrogen is one of the gases produced in the pyrolysis of organic matter. It could be siphoned off and used in a fuel cell to generate electricity for use in the pyrolysis process or for feeding the electricity grid.
Political Leadership
Mr. Flannery didn't have much good to say about the environmental policies of our current government. He criticized their approach in promoting emission intensity caps rather than overall emission caps (see here for a brief description of the difference). He mentioned that he was at the Bali conference but was more critical of the American efforts and didn't really touch on the performance of our current government. He went on to explain the political change in Australia and how the environment was a central theme to the election and played a part in defeating the government lead by John Howard (see here or here).
He also mentioned the political leadership in China where the government is starting to see the economic benefits of a more sustainable energy system using cleaner energy sources. He highlighted that China is on its way to developing auto emission standards that were stricter than the US CAFE standards. The potential implication is that cars made in China could be sold here in North America, but North American cars could not be sold in China simply because they wouldn't meet the Chinese emission standards. He also pointed out that the different levels of government there are starting to be measured by their societal and environmental performance along with their economic performance.
It's rare to hear praise for China these days, but as I mentioned in my review of the PBS E-squared series, once the Chinese political leadership decides to do something, they don't take very long to go about doing it.
not so great ideas...
Mr. Flannery briefly talked about a concept where some villagers in the Amazon belt could be paid for not developing their land as part of some sort of carbon credit trading system. I just don't see it happening. Basically, those villagers would end up getting paid for doing nothing...can't see many people agreeing to that.
Alberta Tar Sands
He confessed that he didn't know much about the topic. He did say that it didn't make much sense that we only pay around $1.10/litre for gasoline when it gets extracted from Alberta, trucked down to Texas, refined there, and then trucked back up here. He just said that if a free market approach was taken and subsidies for oil companies were removed, renewable energy sources would provide a very real and competitive alternative to fossil fuels.
The question period at the end of the lecture was interesting as well. Some of the members of the audience mentioned switching to Bullfrog Power for the electricity. Incidentally, my buddy Alex was there with me and he works for Bullfrog in business development.
Overall, the lecture was pretty good, well worth the $25 ticket price. Mr. Flannery's passion for the subject is easy to see. From my engineering perspective, the ideas he presented were intriguing and I started thinking about how they could be successfully implemented in practice. It'll be interesting how some of technologies develop and if they actually get adopted by governments and industries.
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